European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety

Food and nutritional insecurity continue to challenge rural households in India, where affordability, accessibility, and awareness of balanced diets remain limited. Dependence on market-purchased vegetables exposes families to price fluctuations and supply disruptions, leading to low daily vegetable intake and micronutrient deficiencies. To assess the impact of nutritional gardens (NGs) promoted through Frontline Demonstrations (FLDs) on improving vegetable consumption and reducing household expenditure among rural families in Akola district, Maharashtra, over five years (2020–2024). Each year, 30 socio-economically vulnerable families (n -150 total) were enrolled across villages including Barshitakli, Sisa Udegaon, Masa, Babhulgaon, Kadoshi, and Adoshi. Families were compared under two conditions: T1 -without nutritional garden, T2 - with nutritional garden. Key indicators included daily vegetable consumption (gm/family/day) and monthly expenditure on vegetables (Rs. /family). Establishment of NGs led to substantial gains. Average daily vegetable consumption increased from 485 g to 1143 g (+136%), while monthly expenditure declined from ~Rs. 662 to ~Rs. 169 (−74%). Year-wise trends showed consistent improvement, with consumption gains ranging from 95% to 214%, and expenditure reduction between 62% to 80%. Families reported enhanced dietary diversity (leafy greens, tubers, seasonal vegetables), empowerment of women in household decision-making, and improved resilience during COVID-19 lockdowns. Nutritional gardens are an effective, low-cost intervention for food security. They improve dietary intake, reduce financial burden, and empower rural households. Large-scale promotion through extension systems and women’s groups is recommended.