Impact of Consumption of Two Street Foods (Tuna Garba and Rice with Eggplant Sauce) on Vital Organs in the Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
N'Gbésso Amos Ekissi *
Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources, UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire and Department of Clinical and Fundamental Biochemistry, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Yadé Réné Soro
Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources, UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire and Laboratory of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Development of Agricultural Resources, Institute of Agropastoral Management, Péléforo GON COULIBALY University, Korhogo, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Natia Joseph Kouadio
Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources, UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.
Gnogbo Alexis Bahi
Department of Clinical and Fundamental Biochemistry, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Gbohounou Fabrice Gnali
Environment and Health Department, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Tehi Bernard Sea
Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources, UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouassi Benjamin Yao
Laboratory of Industrial Processes, Synthesis, Environment and New Energies, National Polytechnic Institute Felix Houphouët-Boigny, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire.
Allico Joseph Djaman
Department of Clinical and Fundamental Biochemistry, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Street foods are seen as a public health problem due to lack of infrastructure and basic services, difficulty in controlling the plethora of street food sales operations due to their diversity, their mobility, and their temporary nature. The objective of this study is to show the impact of the consumption of two street foods (Garba with tuna and rice with eggplant sauce) consumed in Côte d'Ivoire on the health of the Ivorian population. To contribute to the nutritional and health security of the population, the consumption of these dishes has been demonstrated in young Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Thus, we hypothesized that the consumption of these street foods would have a deleterious effect on consumer health. However, five days 20 young rats of male and female sexes aged 50±5 days and weighing an average of 55±5 g were acclimatized and fed on a formulated isocaloric diet rich in herring fish (Clupea harengus) animal protein. After the acclimatization phase, four batches of rats of five rats per cage were fed respectively with diets (DWP, CDHF, GWTF and RES). The results showed that juvenile rats fed the CDHF and RES diet gained a lot of weight (5.66 ± 0.34 g/d and 5.16 ± 0.58 g/d) while those fed the GWTF diet had a progressive, slow weight gain. (2.32 ±0.23 g/d) and batch of rats fed without protein (DWP) observed considerable weight loss (-1.07±0.06 g/d). In terms of biological value, the results demonstrate that rats fed the RES diet have a higher protein availability (84.23 ±0.02%) than rats fed the GWTF diet (54.31 ±0.06 %). It follows from this analysis that it is necessary to combine GWTF with other protein-rich foods to compensate for the nutritional deficits caused by its ingestion. In young rats fed experimental diets, biometric research on vital organs (heart, liver, spleen and kidneys) revealed no abnormalities.
Keywords: Street food, tuna garba, rice eggplant sauce, nutritional impact, Côte d'Ivoire